North Dakota

North Dakota has allowed permitless concealed carry since HB 1169, effective Aug 1, 2017 (N.D.C.C. ch. 62.1-04); open carry has never been separately restricted. I retrieved the official North Dakota Century Code chapter 62.1-04 PDF but could not extract clean quotable text from it this session — this rests on that chapter plus strong, consistent secondary corroboration.

North Dakota generally bans possessing a firearm at a 'public gathering,' which is defined to include a church or other place of worship (N.D.C.C. §62.1-02-05) — BUT a person may carry there if the primary religious leader or governing body of that place of worship has approved that individual (or group) to carry, through a policy or other means. Default is prohibited; congregation/leadership opt-in makes it lawful.

N.D.C.C. § 62.1-02-05 bars carry in the part of a liquor establishment set aside for the retail sale and consumption of alcoholic beverages, but the restaurant portion of a mixed establishment is exempted from that ban.

North Dakota has statewide permitless carry for qualifying residents (since 2017), alongside a Class 1/Class 2 concealed weapon license issued by the Attorney General's Bureau of Criminal Investigation mainly for reciprocity. No boat/vessel/waterway restriction was found in North Dakota carry law.

N.D.C.C. §62.1-02-05(1)(c) bars possessing a firearm or dangerous weapon at 'a publicly owned or operated building' (alongside schools and places of worship) — a broadly worded ban that reaches a DMV office and city hall exactly as it reaches a courthouse. The listed exceptions (vehicles/temporary residence, state/federal parks, public rest areas, and a church-authorized-carry provision) do not include a general concealed-weapons-license carve-out for public buildings. The State Capitol complex is separately restricted under this same section by Facility Management authority. Violation is a noncriminal infraction (a $100 fee), not a crime, but carry is still not legally authorized.

N.D. Cent. Code § 62.1-02-13 leaves campus firearm policy to individual institutions (private-vehicle carry is excepted from any campus ban they adopt). All North Dakota public campuses (e.g., UND) currently prohibit firearms in buildings and at public gatherings via policy; private schools set their own rules.

N.D.C.C. § 62.1-02-10.1 lets a private property owner prohibit firearms; absent that notice, carry is presumptively lawful.

No ND statute requires advance owner consent; general criminal trespass law (N.D.C.C. 12.1-22-03) requires notice before presence becomes unlawful (opt-out default). Constitutional-carry state.

No North Dakota source I found lists airports among restricted locations (usacarry.com's list: retail-alcohol/gaming establishments and public gatherings such as sporting events, schools, churches, rallies, concerts, and certain parks). No statute or second source addresses airports specifically.

North Dakota allows permitless carry for anyone with a valid North Dakota driver's license or state ID card (2017 amendments); a Class 1/Class 2 carry license is also available. N.D.C.C. §62.1-02-04 bars a LOADED firearm in a vehicle unless the carrier fits one of the listed exceptions (permit holder, permitless-carry-eligible ID holder, or actively hunting/trapping with a long gun).

N.D. Century Code ch. 62.1-02 (weapons) contains no mention of hospitals or medical facilities as a restricted location. A secondary CCW-focused source (SaferCarry) notes that most North Dakota hospitals/clinics post their own 'no weapons' signage as private policy even though state law doesn't require it.

North Dakota is permitless-carry. Its restricted-location statute (N.D.C.C. §62.1-02-05, schools/church/publicly-owned buildings) contains no rest-area entry, and §62.1-02-04 separately authorizes licensed/permitless carriers to keep a loaded firearm in a vehicle. Verified against the statute text directly.

N.D.C.C. § 62.1-04-04, bifurcated by license status: (1) Anyone carrying under a license must produce it "upon request by the officer" — a reactive document-production duty, no separate verbal duty found for licensees. (2) A person carrying under ND's permitless/constitutional-carry authority "shall inform a law enforcement officer of a concealed firearm if the officer inquires" — note even this permitless-carrier duty is conditioned on the officer inquiring, not fully proactive, despite some secondary sources labeling it flatly "yes." HB 1588 (2025).

North Dakota issues a Class 2 nonresident Concealed Weapon License (N.D.C.C. 62.1-04-03), but the Attorney General's office requires non-resident applicants to submit "a copy of a valid concealed carry license from your home state of residence" as part of the application — so it is available only to non-residents who already hold their own state's CCW permit.

N.D. Cent. Code §62.1-02-05(1)(a) bans firearms at schools/school events for 'any person, including a concealed carry licensee.' The only carve-out is a school-designated, specially trained 'armed first responder' employee under §62.1-02-14 — not a general permit-holder exception.

No North Dakota-specific firearms-signage criminal statute is known to me, and I could not confirm the notice requirements of ND's general criminal trespass statute (N.D.C.C. § 12.1-22-03) in this session.

N.D. Cent. Code § 62.1-01-03: political subdivisions may not enact firearm ordinances more restrictive than state law; violations are void and give rise to civil action for damages.

No North Dakota statute found prohibiting firearms at polling places. Based on MAP research; not independently verified against ND's own statute.

No state-level magazine capacity restriction found.

No extreme risk protection order or red flag statute found in North Dakota.

North Dakota bans possession by default but excludes NFA-compliant owners outright. N.D. Cent. Code 62.1-05-01 makes machine gun/silencer possession a class C felony UNLESS the person has complied with the NFA. N.D. Cent. Code 62.1-02-03 separately makes SBR/SBS possession a class C felony but does not apply to any person who complies with the NFA. Both are exclusions from the offense itself, not affirmative defenses, and no separate ND permit or registration is required beyond the federal process. No separate state ban on pre-1986 transferable machine guns.

Stand Your Ground by statute since 2021: N.D. Cent. Code § 12.1-05-07(2)(b), amended by 2021 ND HB 1498 (effective Aug. 1, 2021) — deadly force is not required to be avoided by retreat where the person has not provoked the encounter and is in a place they are lawfully permitted to be. Previously North Dakota was a Castle Doctrine state; the 2021 amendment removed that duty statewide. Confirmed by direct review of the official code text.

No North Dakota statute requires background checks on private firearm transfers. Confirmed via absence from Giffords' UBC list.